A mid-journey report from the Ulysses

Joyce's Ulysses. How should I describe it? The book is too great to be spoken of in words bound within the sorry perimeters of rationality. It's turbulence itself. It's the ravings of a supremely eloquent madman, a continuous fear of falling from a cliff as you tread carefully a ridge infinitely high and extremely thin. It's the disintegrated shards of a spent bullet. It's alternatively Beethoven and Duchamp and the regularity with which it changes character leaves you asphyxiated and disoriented. It's at once a supreme effort in vanity and contempt, a relentless dissection of orthodoxy, an erudite commentary on history and art, a squirming message written on the walls of a school lavatory, a mockery of custom, an inexcusable experiment! It's like a dream whose essence and beauty can only be remembered in parts and whose memory and understanding escapes you as soon as you try to grip it too hard. It's one of those great great pieces of art which restore your faith in the towering human intellect and make you feel privileged to belong to a specie which has the potential to think at such a level. But more than anything else, it's the purest form of individual expression - untethered from the morass of custom it reaches the giddy heights and suffocating depths which normal people do not even know exist. It's not for nothing that Ulysses is almost unanimously considered the greatest English book ever written.

And it's been 3 months and I'm still only half way through.

Taos, Santa Fe, NM

I have been in Santa Fe, New Mexico for the whole last week to attend the 'Phononics and Metamaterials 2011' conference. Professor Nemat-Nasser was giving the principal lecture of the conference and he asked Ali and me to attend it in order to learn what the other groups have been up to. It has been a fascinating experience to listen to some of the most ingenious minds in the field and to see how much they have been able to achieve on the experimental fronts of the field of acoustic metamaterials. I realized, for the first time here, that interesting physics like negative refraction can be achieved by at least two independent paths. While our group has been working on achieving that by the use of doubly negative materials (negative density and compliance tensors), several other groups have made substantial progress by following the route of Bragg diffraction. It remains to be seen if there are advantages to following one over the other and I'm excited about the possibilities which seem to be in the offing in the next few months. Since we have the essential theoretical understanding, I expect experimental demonstrations of the doubly negative materials soon by our group.

It's not that I have been spending all my time here just going to technical talks, although doing that and thinking about the talks has occupied a much larger percentage of my time than it ever used to be the case. During the last week, I also had wide ranging discussions with Ali and came to the conclusion that he knows more about everything under the Sun than I'll ever be able to know and that he has the extremely rare talent of combining his encyclopedic knowledge with an acutely analytical mind.

I also came across a lot of interesting characters who seem to inhabit this world, which I have come to associate with a certain logic, with a rationale completely at odds with mine. But I like to listen to them with genuine curiosity, trying to find in the scales and notes of their lives, the missing song which is my own world view. I try to find in the colors of their palette, the antithesis of my own colorless (largely logical) existence. I am absolutely fascinated by the stories and experiences of such people and the cities of Santa Fe and Taos seem to throw them up with more regularity than any other place that I have visited. It's not that I necessarily want their lives for my own, but I appreciate that they have interesting stories to recount and that they lack the skepticism to believe in a fantastic, beautiful, and imaginative reality. I can listen to such people in rapt attention for hours whereas I almost instantly shut down whenever someone starts teaching me how to invest my money and hedge my bets so that I can have a comfortable retirement. Therefore, I am thankful for all those individuals who made this little trip interesting. While I don't necessarily agree with them, I am very appreciative of the fact that they exist and make life more colorful and more non-utilitarian. There was Ryan, the barista of the Santa Fe cafe 'Father sky and Mother Earth' who narrated to me his journey across the US, his experiences with meditation and the mystical traditions of the native Indian people of New Mexico, and his belief in the apocalypse of 2012. Then there was Bobby, the guitarist of the band HN88 who gifted me a CD consisting of a collection of his songs. Marianne was the barista of the great 'World Cup' cafe in Taos and told me about her transition from DC to SF to Taos and I ended up adding to the cafe's collection of foreign currencies by donating a 100 rupee note. There was a German (I forget the name) who has spent the last 20 years of his life in the little town of Taos and described himself as a starving artist. He was trying to convey to me his vision of the world as a conceptual artist but I guess my brain has ossified under the influence of logic to an extent where it's not flexible enough to appreciate orthogonal logic. Annamelia was the singer and Matt was the forest officer and finally Johnny was the ex-physicist from Los Alamos who has been collecting obscure memorabilia relating to the automobile and the transportation industry for the last 20 years.

Pendulums, springs, and natural frequencies

I remember while preparing for the JEE I came across a simple spring mass system and was quite surprised by the fact that it should have a natural frequency at which it must vibrate when left to its own devices. An analogous but more intuitive system is a regular clock pendulum. The pendulum completes one cycle in exactly a second, and, therefore, has a natural frequency of 1 Hz. It used to fascinate me that the pendulum should do just that without any external intervention (There is some external intervention to make up for energy dissipations from air viscosity, friction etc. but we'll neglect those 'non-ideal' effects for now.)

So  I was thinking about the simple spring mass system the other day and was quite pleased with the fact that one can explain the 'complicated concept' of natural frequencies in terms of purely physical intuition. Think of a spring which is attached to a wall at one end and a block which is free to move back and forth at the other end. The spring is made up of a material whose weight is much smaller than the weight of the block (assumption of massless spring) and the whole assembly is placed on a very slippery surface (assumption of frictionless surface.) Let's call the initial location of the block which corresponds to zero stretching in the spring,  'S'. Now we take the block and pull it so that the spring stretches by say 5 cm. and leave it. If one has ever held a spring in hand he knows that it takes effort to stretch it. In fact, it becomes progressively more difficult to stretch the spring to larger lengths. The same it true with compressing it - so the spring has a tendency to force itself to an unstretched position. Therefore, in our spring block system, the spring pulls the block back and keeps pulling it till the spring reaches its unstretched position. But by this time the block has attained a velocity so it doesn't stop and starts compressing the spring. The spring tries to stop this compression but it takes a certain amount of time before the spring is able to bring the block to a stop. By that time the block has already compressed the spring by a certain distance and that distance is exactly equal to the initial stretching of the spring (5 cm. in this case.) So our initial stretch has been completely converted into an equivalent compression. Now that the block is at rest again, the spring starts pulling it back until it crosses 'S', starts stretching the spring due to its speed, and stops when the spring is stretched by 5 cm. This whole cycle of stretching-compression-stretching takes a certain amount of time and now we ask ourselves a question, is it possible for this time to be any less than what it is? We also put the constraint, for the time being, that the amplitude of vibration (5 cm. in this case) has to be the same. For that to be the case, the block would have to travel at a higher speed on average and stop faster. This also means that it will have to be traveling at a higher speed when it crosses 'S'. But if that is the case, the spring will not be able to stop it within 5 cm. If the spring wants to stop it within 5 cm., it will have to be a stiffer spring but that is not allowed in our current thought experiment. Now let's relax the constraint that the amplitude of vibration has to be 5 cm. But that is again problematic because now the block has to travel a larger distance to complete one cycle. So even though it may be traveling at a higher speed on average, it will still take the same amount of time due to the larger distance it has to cover in each cycle.

This brings us to the conclusion that as long as we do not change the spring and the mass, we cannot change the time the system takes to complete one cycle - and this precisely is the natural frequency of the system - a constant for this simple system! In fact, as argued above, it is possible to complete the cycle in a faster time (higher frequency) if the spring is stiffer. It's even possible to do it with the same spring if we decrease the weight of the block - because it's easier to stop lighter objects than heavier objects. So the frequency of our system (number of cycles in a second) seems to increase with increasing stiffness and decreasing mass. Well, that's about how much we can deduce without mathematics! The exact relation is frequency=C*{k/m}^.5, where 'k' is the stiffness of the spring and 'm' is the mass of the block (C is a constant.)

The pendulum is a very analogous system where the effect of the spring is replaced by the pull of gravity. In fact, a lot of systems in the real world are walking this tightrope where there exists a certain force which wants to pull them back to a rest position. In a more complicated way, they all display preferences for certain 'frequencies'. They all want to complete their cycles in a certain time. It's all very drab and academic when a spring-mass system does that but it's all so artistic and cultured when a violin does the exact same thing!

Recursion

Today I was thinking about recursion and came across this famous painting by Escher,


India wins!

28 years a nation in waiting, almost 20 years since I personally have been, a whole generation which went through the heartbreak every four years for more than 2 decades, and today it happened. And just like that, silently and subconsciously, the world cup was dedicated to the one man who has singlehandedly shouldered the hopes of the nation for the last 21 years. Makes me wonder, who's cutting the onions!

Rain

I'm sitting here, near my window, and the heavy sky is throbbing above in deep grunting discolored voices, threatening the pane with ominous liquid possibilities. I quite like the word liquid. It's terse, handsome and upright. If I were to bestow upon it the vestiges of a human form, I would imagine it to be a man sharply dressed in a black tuxedo, reserved, graceful, and erudite, but one who has hidden beneath his charming facade a life, a disposition, a history quite sinister. Now I can hear the noise of rain outside. A river of sounds in which the individual drops have sacrificed their identities and produced after an eternity of fall a moment of both aural and visual poignancy - a perfect pear, tranquil and transparent, upon whose surface the Sun had poured the fruits of his deliberations, disintegrating into its formless constituent after touching the philistine contours of my window. I also notice that the vague impression of rain which I receive filtered through the window is probably more beautiful, more evocative than the actual rain itself - as if its essence, the rainness of rain, has been distilled through the clear glass and I receive not the knowledge of this particular instance of precipitation but a deeper more abstract experience which stands proxy to all those junctions of my life which were made slower and more beautiful by the cold, wet, and cozy presence of rain. The weather is brisk, the air quietened by the steady beat of falling drops - a low constant note, a canvas which has been uniformly painted in a dark hue, the background taste of salt, the default response to the questions of a questionnaire - an abstraction which is chipping away reality at its edges and inducing in me the fantastic images which are the harbinger of deep sleep.

In Search of Lost Time: Swann's Way

I have often wondered why is it that English translations of Russian authors seem to be much more widely available and read than writers from other languages. We have all heard of the great triad of Tolstoy, Chekhov, and Gogol and have come across the names of Dostoevsky, Turgenev, Gorki, Nabokov and more but our familiarity with literature from other parts of the world is composed of randomly scattered, sparsely populated and vaguely remembered names of books and authors. So while Gabriel Garcia Marquez holds the torch for the entire region of Latin America and the literature emanating from there is spoken off in broad generalizations of 'Magical Realism,' it is Miguel de Cervantes with his heartbreakingly naive hero Don Quixote who dispenses off with the requisite responsibility from Spain. Germany is represented by the mighty Kafka, Italy by Dante and Eco, France by Camus, and Japan by Murakami. Other smaller countries, and vast regions from Asia and the middle east do not evoke appreciable neural impulses in my mind to list them here. The most important reason why this may be the case, in my assessment, is the fact that Russian literature dealt with the facets of life which are very immediate to the common man. The broad subject of a life which in reality is contradictory to its idealized version which exists in our minds is as universal as they come. It may take the shape of an unsatisfying marriage, a stifling economic situation, or unrequited love but one can be sure that any and all of such situations have the potential to appeal to almost every human being. The Russians, maybe driven by the severity of weather, the relentless wars, the constant bleakness of an autocratic rule, have expatiated on this general subject extremely comprehensively.

Nevertheless, I decided to check for myself what the rest of the world has been up to and I chanced upon this wikipedia list of the most acclaimed books from around the world and found a book by the french author Marcel Proust titled 'In Search of Lost Time.' The book is in seven volumes and I completed the first one, as translated by Lydia Davis. I have discovered that Proust's meandering discourse, his delectable remembrances, and his exquisite sensitivity, with which the book is replete, are some of the finest things I have come across in life. This book is absolutely not for those whose idea of good literature is coherence both in plot and language and who feel frustrated when they cannot decipher an underlying order. But if there are certain things in life which endows one with an unbearable happiness, pure and poignant, which are absolutely useless in the worldly sense, almost trivial in objective assessment, and yet they are the wellspring of such pleasure and giddy euphoria that one is left stunned at their acuteness and unexplainable origins; this book will be a treasure to that person. Like an exquisitely crafted piece of dessert whose charm is more than the sum total of the perfection of its ingredients both in quality and proportion, whose appeal lies as much in taste as in other intangibles including its geometrical and chromatic harmonies, in whose essence lies, as one might imagine, hundreds upon thousands of years of suffocated human protests against the utilitarian gauge of efficiency, this book encompasses within its bound covers both a torrential outpouring of emotions and a surgical dissection of life.

As an example, Proust is describing a lady who is removed from her lover,

'And I watched her, as she returned from some walk along a road where she had known that he would not appear, drawing from her submissive fingers long gloves of a precious, useless charm.'

and the image of a beautiful girl dressed elegantly in black waiting for her lover instantly flashes in my mind. She knows, by intuition and social conditioning, that her actions are relentlessly dissected in this great game of matchmaking and that they stand for much more than what is dictated by mere utility. Her eyes, those merry vehicles of infinite suggestion, are leaping ahead of her conscious self, and her gestures are the sharp edges of a whole which was especially constructed to be a dagger in many a hearts. Her graceful action of pulling out the gloves from her fingers, therefore, is as suggestive and charming an action as such an exquisite creature can ever by accused of committing. The fact that there is no one to see it , at least none towards whom it might be subconsciously directed, makes it oddly sad and useless!

Abhiman

In this vast sea of human interactions, upon whose surface emotions, both tragic and comic, poignant and trivial, ebb and flow, gather momentum and break, and mix in a turbulent confusion, every so often there comes along a little line, a piece of poetry, a thought at once both supremely elegant and precisely striking, even to the point of being heartbreaking, and it extracts from the chaos of reality in which love melts into hatred and the boundaries of emotion and intention are vague, a unification, an understanding, a concept which shines clear like a bush backgrounded by mist, an idea which hangs delicately in space, constant, unswerving, like a hesitant melodious violin whose sounds seems to be coming from afar, crisp within the tumult of the violas and the piano.

In the movie Raincoat, Shubha Mudgal pines 'Piya tora kaisa abhiman (My lover, why do have this pride),' and it's one of those beautiful moments when a part of this arbitrary reality has been shocked into submissiveness and it presents itself melted along the beautiful contours of the artist's sensitivity. Just a few words, and one feels the infinite desperation of the lover with a poignancy which would only have been reduced, had an effort been made to explain it away. She sits there waiting for him and he doesn't arrive. And as time slips through her fingers like heartless grains of sand, she can only wonder, in mute resignation, what pride prevents him from coming to her. His actions are incomprehensible to her and yet, as the lines almost give away, she is trying hard to understand and would do all that is within her means and more, if only he came back and talked with her. But he doesn't come and she can only wonder...

This reminds me of another beautiful line from Ghulam Ali's 'Chupke Chupe raat din which goes,

Berukhi ke saath sun-na darde dil ki daastan

Wo kalaai mein tera kangan ghumana yaad hai

(I remember how you were fiddling with your bangles, when I was trying to tell you the story of my heartbreak)

The fourth wall

I know this will be irrelevant soon. And it'll be lost if you're seeing this in the feed.

wave

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